Terminology
The following information provides a guide to the basic Japanese terminology used in the dojo
Numbers
| Japanese | English |
|---|---|
| Ichi | One |
| Ni | Two |
| San | Three |
| Shi | Four |
| Go | Five |
| Roku | Six |
| Shichi | Seven |
| Hachi | Eight |
| Kyuu | Nine |
| Juu | Ten |
Blocks
| Japanese | English |
|---|---|
| Uke | Block |
| Gedan Barai | Downward Block |
| Age Uke | Rising Block |
| Soto Uke | Outside Block |
| Uchi Uke | Inside Block |
| Shuto Uke | Knife Hand Block |
| Morote Uke | Augmented Block |
| Ju Ji Uke | Cross (X) Block |
| Ate Waza | Smashing Technique |
Stances
| English | Japanese |
|---|---|
| Zenkutsu Dachi | Front Stance |
| Kokutsu Dachi | Back Stance |
| Kiba Dachi | Straddle Leg Stance |
| Heisoku Dachi | Informal attention Stance |
| Fudo Dachi | Rooted Stance |
| Neko Ashi Dachi | Cat Stance |
| Heiko Dachi | Parallel Stance |
| Hangetsu Dachi | Half Moon Stance |
| Shiko Dachi | Square Stance |
Hand Strikes
| Japanese | English |
|---|---|
| Tsuki | Punch |
| Oi Tsuki | Stepping Punch |
| Gyaku Tsuki | Reverse Punch |
| Choku Tsuki | Straight Punch |
| Kizame Tsuki | Front Hand Snap Punch |
| Haishu | Back Hand |
| Nukite | Spearhand Thrust |
| Ai Uchi | Simultaneous Strike |
| Ippon Ken | Single Knuckle Fist |
| Shuto Uchi | Knife Hand Strike |
| Awase Tsuki | U Punch |
| Teisho | Palm Heel |
| Tetsui Uchi | Bottom Fist Strike |
| Empi Uchi | Elbow strike |
| Uraken Uchi | Back Fist Strike |
| Yoko Empi Uchi | Side Elbow Strike |
| Haito Uchi | Ridge Hand Strike |
| Seiken | Fore Knuckle Fist |
Foot Strikes
| Japanese | English |
|---|---|
| Geri | Kick |
| Keage | Snap Kick |
| Kekome | Thrust Kick |
| Mae Geri Keage | Front Snap Kick |
| Yoko Geri Keage | Side Snap Kick |
| Yoko Geri Kekome | Side Thrust Kick |
| Mawashi Geri | Roundhouse Kick |
| Ushiro Geri | Back Kick |
| Fumikome | Stamp Kick |
| Mikazuki Geri | Crescent Kick |
| Tobi Geri | Jumping Kick |
Competition Terms
| Japanese | English |
|---|---|
| Aka | Red |
| Shiro | White |
| Ippon | 1 Full Point in Contest |
| Shobu Ippon | 1 Point Contest (traditional) |
| Shobu Sanbon | 3 Point Contest |
| Kamaete | Begin |
| Waza ari | Half Point in Contest |
| Hantei | Judgement |
| Hikiwaki | Draw |
| Aka (Shiro) no Kachi | Victory of Red (White) |
| Jogai | Stepping out of contest area (penalty) |
| Atoshi baraku | 30 seconds to end of Contest |
| Chui | Warning |
| Tsukete Hajime | Re-start of a Match |
| Encho Sen | Extension match |
| Fukushin Shugo | Meeting of Referee & Judges |
| Motonoichi | Return to starting positions (contest) |
| Hansoku | Disqualification for foul |
| Yame Soremade | End of Contest |
Training Terms
| Japanese | English |
|---|---|
| Kara te | Empty (or Chinese) Hand |
| Sensei | Teacher |
| Dojo | Training Hall |
| Gi | Training Uniform |
| Mokusoo | Meditation |
| Mawatte | 180° Turn |
| Yoi | Ready |
| Jodan | Upper level target (head) |
| Chudan | Mid level target (stomach) |
| Gedan | Low level target (groin) |
| Japanese | English |
|---|---|
| Hidari | Left |
| Migi | Right |
| Shizen Tai | Natural position |
| Hajime | Begin |
| Yame | Finish, return to Yoi |
| Kata | Form |
| Sanbon Tsuki | 3 Consecutive Punches |
| Gohon Kumite | 5 Step Sparring |
| Ippon Kumite | Basic one attack sparring |
| Tanden | Navel |
| Japanese | English |
|---|---|
| Hara | Body Centre, source of Ki |
| Kihon | Basic Technique |
| Yoko | Side |
| Kumite | Sparring |
| Tameshi Wara | Test of Technique |
| Otoshi | Downward |
| Ji Yu Kumite | Free Sparring |
| Makiwara | Striking Board |
| Nage | Throw |
| Zanshin | Correct Mental Attitude |
